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| relations =nephew, Attila Tevely | laterwork = | signature = | footnotes =〔 〕〔 〕〔 Biography in Context. 〕〔 〕〔 〕〔 〕〔 〕 }} Dr. Béla Király (14 April 1912 – 4 July 2009) was a Hungarian army officer before, during, and after World War II. The Stalinists imprisoned him. After his release, he commanded the National Guard during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. He was an academic historian in the United States. He returned to Hungary and was elected a member of Parliament of Hungary. ==Hungary== He was born in Kaposvár, Hungary, the son of a station master. As a youth he bred pigeons, a lifelong interest. His ambition to be a veterinary surgeon foundered because his family could not afford the fees. Color blindness barred his employment by the railroad. In 1930, military service became compulsory - two years for conscripts but only one year for volunteers. He joined the army, found it interesting, finished the Ludovika Military Academy in the top five per cent of his class, and was commissioned a second lieutenant 20 August 1935. He was the best student at General Staff Academy, finishing December 1942 as captain of the general staff.〔〔 He saw combat in World War II on the eastern front and was twice wounded. In 1943 his command included 400 men in a Jewish labor battalion in the Don river valley; contrary to orders, he provided them winter uniforms (Christmas 1943), decent food, and medical attention. In 1993, fifty years later, Yad Vashem named him one of the “Righteous Among the Nations” to recognizing his humane treatment of these men.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Yad Vashem )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Yad Vashem )〕 In March 1945 he commanded the defense of Kőszeg. He surrendered the city to the Red Army. The Russians arrested him, and sent him to Siberia as a prisoner of war; he escaped and returned home. He subsequently joined the Hungarian Communist Party and the new Soviet sponsored army. Communist officials warned him against his 1947 marriage to the widowed niece of 1930s right-wing prime minister Gyula Gömbös, a one-time anti-semite. He expected to be sacked when General György Palffy summoned him, but instead was appointed to command the Training Department. He was promoted to general in 1950, and rose to the rank of major general. In 1950, he commanded the infantry. He was expected to command the Hungarian component of a planned Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia, but Stalin cancelled it in the face of American resistance to the invasion of South Korea in June 1950. In 1951, the Mátyás Rákosi regime arrested him on charges of subversion, sedition and espionage. He was sentenced (January 15, 1952) to death by hanging. He spent years on death row. His wife had been detained by the ÁVH (State Security Authority; the political police) from August 1951 to August 1953. She divorced him in 1955. Then he learned his sentence had been commuted to life imprisonment at hard labor. In September 1956 the government paroled him and other political prisoners, a measure intended to soften public unrest.〔〔〔〔 The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 began shortly after his release from prison. He was weak and ill recovering from surgery, but escaped the hospital to accept appointment as commander-in-chief of the military guard and military commander of Budapest. He recognized his forces had no hope of victory over the Soviet army, but resented then Soviet ambassador Yuri Andropov's chicanery in concealing the imminent invasion. After the Soviet military intervention in Hungary, he fled to Austria and later the United States to avoid yet another death sentence, one unlikely to be commuted. He was, in fact, sentenced to death in absentia.〔〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Béla Király」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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